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减肥手术后的生活
Weight-loss surgery can start you on the path to a healthier, longer and more fulfilling life. 它不是治疗肥胖的方法,而是帮助你减肥的工具. 长期的成功取决于你遵循饮食指南的能力, 运动和生活方式的改变.
的 UCSF减肥手术中心 提供全面的后续护理,包括 支持组, dietitian services and continuing education, to help you achieve and maintain your goals.
药物
After bariatric surgery, your daily regimen will include short- and long-term medications. 这些包括:
- 奥美拉唑,可以降低消化道溃疡的风险. 手术后6个月或无限期服用此药, 根据你的减肥手术小组的指示.
- Ursodiol, which reduces the risk of developing gallstones during the postsurgical period of rapid weight loss. 手术后要服用六个月. 没有胆囊的患者不需要这种药物.
- 普罗雷健康减肥复合维生素, which has added iron plus all other necessary supplementation for patients who've had bariatric surgery. Expect to take this medication indefinitely to prevent vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
- 的 Celebrate brand calcium supplement, which includes vitamins that enhance calcium absorption. 手术后无限期服用.
胶囊, 手术后可立即服用咀嚼和液体药物, 但片剂药物在头三个月需要分解或碾碎. This prevents medications from getting stuck in the digestive tract or not being fully absorbed. 缓释药物不能分解, 所以我们的药剂师会在手术前推荐其他药物.
手术后, 对于其他情况,继续服用常规药物, 除非我们的药剂师另有建议. We recommend checking in with your primary care provider and other specialists regularly after surgery, 因为快速减肥需要经常调整药物, 比如高血压和糖尿病.
手术后, 你应该避免非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs), 比如阿司匹林, 布洛芬(布洛芬, Advil和萘普生(Aleve). 非甾体抗炎药会增加胃溃疡的风险. 病人 who had gastric bypass surgery should avoid these medications indefinitely. 如果你做了袖式胃切除术, you might be able to resume taking these medications after the sleeve heals (about three months after surgery), 但先咨询一下你的减肥手术团队.
维生素和矿物质补充剂
防止营养缺乏, bariatric surgery patients need to take the following vitamin and mineral supplements daily:
- 复合维生素. 手术后, taking a daily bariatric-specific multivitamin helps compensate for nutritional deficits. Bariatric-specific multivitamins include high doses of all necessary micronutrients, 简化你的术后补充方案. 普罗雷健康减肥复合维生素 can be purchased online without a prescription.
- 钙. 我们建议服用1,000 to 1,每天摄入500毫克钙,防止缺钙和骨质流失. 柠檬酸钙是首选形式. 促进吸收, reach the daily total by taking two or three divided doses over the course of the day. For example, take a 500-mg chewable or capsule supplement two or three times a day.
- 维生素D3. 这是我们在手术后推荐的复合维生素和钙补充剂. 普罗雷保健减肥复合维生素含有3,000国际单位(IU)的维生素D3, 而celebration钙补充剂每咀嚼或胶囊含500国际单位. 因此,你每天可以摄入大约4000国际单位的维生素D3.
节育和怀孕
我们建议育龄妇女采取有效的避孕措施, 比如宫内节育器, 减肥手术后的前12到18个月. 在此期间, the rapid weight loss and inability to consume normal food quantities impact a patient's nutritional status. 的 physical demands of a pregnancy in the first year after surgery can compromise fetal health and result in birth defects. 为了病人和婴儿的安全, 我们强烈建议在怀孕前至少等待12个月.
重返工作岗位
Many patients return to work two to four weeks after surgery, with no activity restrictions. 手术后通常需要五到六周的时间才能恢复精力.
饮食
防止营养缺乏,保护肌肉组织, 饮食指南寻求在限制卡路里的同时提供均衡的膳食. Each patient tolerates foods differently, so keep this in mind when considering suggestions.
Your daily caloric intake should be between 500 and 700 calories for at least the first 12 months after surgery, 不超过1,每天1000卡路里. Follow a well-designed dietary regimen that is high in protein and vegetables and low in carbohydrates and sugars. 你的目标应该是每天摄入至少60到80克蛋白质. 高蛋白食物包括鸡蛋, 肉, 海鲜(包括金枪鱼及其他鱼类), 家禽, 豆腐和其他豆制品, 牛奶, 松软干酪和希腊酸奶. It may take six to eight weeks after surgery before you are routinely reaching the protein goal.
Keys to success include keeping a daily record of portions and calories as well as following up with a dietitian regularly.
以下是一些建议:
- 细嚼慢咽,一小口一小口,细嚼慢咽.
- 避免米饭, 面包, 生蔬菜, 新鲜的水果, 还有不易咀嚼的肉, 比如猪肉和牛排. 绞碎的肉可能更容易忍受.
- 饮食均衡,分量少. 在手术后的最初阶段, 你可能一次只能忍受一到两汤匙的食物.
- 避免使用吸管、碳酸饮料、口香糖和冰块. 的y can introduce excess air into your surgically created pouch and cause discomfort.
- 避免糖,含糖食物和饮料,以及果汁.
随着时间的推移,增加饮食中食物的种类. 一开始很难耐受的食物,比如红肉, 鸡, 面包, 高纤维的水果和蔬菜——随着时间的推移会变得更容易. 保持水分很重要.每天5至2升液体,除非有医疗十大赌博靠谱网络平台限制.
Alcoholic beverages will have a stronger effect than previously and should be avoided. 喝酒前和你的减肥手术团队谈谈.
参考 减肥手术后的饮食指南 有关其他建议.
锻炼
每天锻炼30到45分钟, 每周进行三到五次有氧运动. We recommend starting out by walking five minutes in the morning and five minutes in the afternoon. 每隔5分钟就增加一次, 是容忍, 直到你每天两次至少步行15分钟. 在那之后, 你可以给你的计划增加一些变化, 比如配合轻慢跑, 游泳或使用固定自行车.
任何时候你似乎达到了一个平台期, 通过尝试新的活动来修改你的养生法, 增加更剧烈的运动或增加活动时间. Alternating between walking and jogging in two- to five-minute intervals can help you break through a plateau and burn fat. 想要更有挑战性,试着在慢跑和短跑之间交替进行. 阻力训练可以增强肌肉,燃烧卡路里. This helps with maintaining weight loss since muscle tissue uses more calories at rest than does body fat. 用轻的重量开始这些锻炼, 比如2到5磅, 做三组,每组10次. 当你感觉你的力量增加时,使用更多的重量.
生活方式
You made a big decision to undergo major surgery to help yourself achieve weight loss and a healthy body mass index (BMI). 现在你必须开始一种新的生活方式. 我们的希望是你在手术后早期建立的习惯, 比如计算卡路里和定期锻炼, 成为终生的习惯.
We suggest thinking of each day as a reflection of a new attitude that you're important and your health matters. 每天都为自己坚持这个承诺而感到自豪. 成功的关键是十大赌博靠谱网络平台活动, behaviors and groups that remind you of your health goals and support your new lifestyle, 所以保持你的兴趣爱好, 喜欢的活动和社会团体. 定期参加当地的减肥或减肥支持小组.
支持团体
的 UCSF 减肥手术 Program offers a free 支持组 for preoperative and postoperative patients. 支持团体 provide participants with the opportunity to share and discuss their challenges and triumphs with people who understand. 更重要的是, your chances of maintaining a healthy weight improve when you have a network of people who provide encouragement and help you stay on track. 欲了解更多信息,请访问我们的 减肥手术支持小组 页面. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, our 支持组 has been meeting virtually via Zoom. 加入我们的电子邮件列表,接收每月的Zoom邀请.
长期随访
手术后, your blood will be checked regularly to ensure your micronutrient levels are staying in the normal ranges. Blood work will be done three, six and 12 months after surgery, then annually thereafter. 测试包括:
- 全血细胞计数(可以发现贫血等问题)
- Comprehensive metabolic panel (which gives information related to kidney and liver function)
- 脂质小组(测量胆固醇和其他脂肪)
- 糖化血红蛋白(糖尿病检测)
- 维生素:铁、铁蛋白、B12、D、A、叶酸、硫胺素、铜、锌和硒
加州大学旧金山分校健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.